+1
I like that instead of just asking which is our favorites, you've asked more detailed and thought provoking questions, which makes for a better thread and conversation.
My thoughts on the four sci-fi films in regards to your query:
Alphaville 1965...A cool French new wave film. Not much in hard sci-fi but big on societal commentary which was relevant to what was going on in the world and in French politics at the time. There are many unconventional story telling methods used to further the narrative, coupled with some really innovative camera work like the direct edit 'I came to give you a light'. I don't know how much Alphaville influenced other film makers, some of course, but I'd say the other three sci fi films you listed had more influence on future sci fi films. Though the filming style of Godard did influence future films.
2001 A Space Odyssey 1968...When I think of Kubrick and 2001 I think of a perfectionist, someone who technically and visually could make their sci fi film look utterly real. Kubrick makes the space voyage part of the film seem slow, which then gives us the feeling of space travel as if we were along for the journey.2001 is the most iconic of the sci fis listed.
Alien 1979...I'm a big fan of Alien, I say that so it doesn't sound like I'm knocking the film, I'm not...but I'd say Alien is like this really cool extreme carnival ride that thrills everyone, fun as hell but not that deep. The biggest aspect of Ridley's Alien is the set design done by H. R. Giger. The look and Ridley's atmosphere of Alien is still being copied today.
Blade Runner 1982...I might be bias in my opinion of Blade Runner but I'd say this one is the winner in regards to "directorial imagination, innovation and influence, as well as its insightfulness into the future and any comment it makes on humanity/society"...Ridley really shines with his world building/set design skills. If I remember correctly Ridley started out as a set designer. Blade Runner takes alot of the real world and stretches it into a believable future that's not so rosy. It makes one helluva a comment on how society treats people viewed as 'less important'. Oh.. Deckard was a human, not a replicant.